I’ve been using a background image on Twitter that has URLs of other places that I’m online and it’s gotten a lot of interest. While the links are not clickable they do highlight other places that you hangout online - including your blog. It is impossible to track how many people are impacted by background images but I do know of a number of people who have found my blogs through mine.
The other obvious place on Twitter to promote your blog (apart from your tweets themselves) is your profile section which enables you to say a few things about yourself (160 characters) as well as leaving a link. Almost every social media site going around has an opportunity like this to add a link to other places of online presence in a profile page. The sky is really the limit - do it on Facebook, LinkedIn, FriendFeed, MySpace, StubmleUpon, Digg, Flickr, YouTube…. the list could go on and on.